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There is debate
amongst historians as to how much account was taken of the strong tides sweeping both
the east and western coasts of the Gallipoli peninsula. However, whether through
accident, or intentionally, the Australian and New Zealand army corps were landed on
a thin strip of beach before high and heavily fortified cliffs.
With the military objective being to secure the heights directly above the beach as
soon as possible, landing boats were emptied and immediately returned to be filled
with more troop waiting on the ships off shore. With little cover, hundreds of men
were killed or wounded by Turkish machine guns, rifle fire and shrapnel from
exploding shells.
Men who had been severely wounded were dragged as far out the
line as fire as possible, often by the less severely wounded, to await the taking of
the heights, and the freeing of boats for their evacuation. Despite the best efforts
of field medical personnel, many wounded died on the beach, a good many killed where
they lay by bullets and flying shrapnel.
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