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Gallipoli

Montage of WW1 pictures The tragic heroism of the Australian and New Zealand troops who fought on the Gallipoli peninsula through 1915 has profoundly shaped our sense of national identity. The assault on the peninsula was a daring venture. Had it been successful, it would have greatly weakened the strategic position of Germany, Austro-Hungary and Turkey.

However, in war, landing large numbers of fighting men and equipment from the sea is a dangerous undertaking. It requires careful planning on the strength of accurate intelligence, and precise co-ordination between naval and army units. The Gallipoli landingswere gravely disorganised, especially in respect of the arrangements for the evacuation of the wounded.

While today we honour the valour and fortitude of those who served at Gallipoli, it is hard for us truly to imagine the horrors they endured. Men were killed and hideously wounded by enemy fire on the beaches and during desperate clashes with units of the Turkish army in the struggle for control of the high ridges of the Gallipoli Peninisula.

The struggle soon became a campaign marked by bitter trench warfare, in which advances were slight, and achieved only with the loss of hundreds of men. In between times, life in the trenches was one of terrible stress. Death could come without warning from sniper fire, shells and grenades. The health of men also suffered from a range of diseases and poor diet.

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